ACM "Hello, World" Project
List of the famous "Hello, World!" programming teaching program, in hundreds of different languages.
Ada, C, C++, and Java vs. The Steelman
Compares 4 programming languages (Ada95, C, C++, Java) with the requirements of "Steelman", original 1978 requirements document for Ada language. Big detailed table.
Ada95, Java, and C++
Some people think Java is like C++, but usual C++ idioms do not carry over to Java because Java is not a C++ superset or subset; Java is a derivation with many modifications, extensions. The language's syntax is alike, but semantics and philosophy is very different. Java is closer to Ada95 than to C++, syntax notwithstanding.
Ada versus Modula-3
Compares similarities and differences, by user of both languages.
Advanced Programming Language Design
Book compares over 70 languages, and main classes: imperative, functional, object-oriented, dataflow, concurrent, declarative, aggregate. By Raphael Finkel, Addison-Wesley.
Are scripting languages the wave of the future?
Programming guru, Robert Martin, on languages of the coming decade.
Beyond Java?
Compares Java and Dylan, with examples from building two CORBA IDL compilers. Topics include: multiple inheritance, multi-argument dispatch, unified object model, extensible syntax. Several code examples.
The BNF Web Club Language
Browse, explore some programming language's syntactic rules. See relations between rules, understand them using BNF (Backus-Naur Form notation) and syntactic diagrams: SQL, PL/SQL, SQL2, IDL; Ada95, Java, Modula-2; Lazy, LISP, M5.
99 Bottles of Beer on the Wall
Shows source code implementation for the same simple program across over 250 different programming languages.
C++??: A Critique of C++ (3rd ed.)
A critical view on the C++ and C programming language. [PDF]
C# From a Java Developer's Perspective
Comprehensive article by Dare Obasanjo, details most similarities and differences between the two languages: features Java has that C# doesn't, and features C# has that Java doesn't. Text, tables, code, resources.
CLOS, Eiffel, and Sather: A Comparison
Comprehensive, many references; zipped Postscript, inlined gifs.
A Comparative Overview of C#
Also compares C#, Java, C++. By Ben Albahari.
Comparing Development Costs of C and Ada
Article by Stephen F. Zeigler. Analysis of a case where most variables were controlled enough to make a comparison between development costs (time, error rates, code size, ...) of the 2 languages.
A Comparison of C++, FORTRAN 90 and Oberon-2 for Scientific Programming
The report concludes by a personal assessment of the three languages with respect to the numerical context. By Bernd Mösli. The reader's experience in scientific programming in C or FORTRAN would be advantageous.
Comparison of Oberon-2 with Modula-2
Short text summary of main features of Oberon-2; target audience: Modula-2 programmers unfamiliar with Oberon-2, but familiar with object-oriented and extensible programming concepts.
Comparisons of Tcl with Other Systems
Many comparisons between Tcl/Tk and other similar systems, most copied from comp.lang.tcl.
The Computer Language Shootout Benchmarks
Performance measurements and source code for ~25 benchmark programs in ~25 languages; with side-by-side comparisons for any 2 programming languages, and an interactive weighted ranking for all the languages.
Contrast Ruby and Other Languages
Ruby vs Perl, Python, Tcl, Java, Eiffel, C++. Very short.
D vs Other Languages
Yes-No table with definitions compares D, C, C++, C#, Java, on: GC, functions, arrays, OOP, performance, reliability, compatibility, conditional compiling. [Digital Mars]
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